WebBelow the gel point, both Flory-Stockmayer theory and MC simulations can be applied to a system containing only a few hundred to a few thousand monomers but having the same molar ratios of monomers as a macroscopic system to accurately predict MWD. As discussed earlier, the Flory-Stockmayer theory starts to fail when a system approaches … WebMar 25, 2024 · The Wrinkle Test. In order to apply the wrinkle test, have a small plate in the freezer while you are cooking the jelly. When you think it is done (based on the spoon test or temperature), place a small amount of …
Determination of gel point and completion of curing in a single …
WebDec 29, 2004 · The status of the gel point equation, advanced by Flory, Stockmayer, and Walling for polyfunctional reactions, is briefly discussed. Two complicating factors in the chain polymerization of divinyl compounds, to which this equation has been applied, are reviewed: the admixture of a monovinyl compound of comparable reactivity, and the … Flory–Stockmayer theory is a theory governing the cross-linking and gelation of step-growth polymers. The Flory-Stockmayer theory represents an advancement from the Carothers equation, allowing for the identification of the gel point for polymer synthesis not at stoichiometric balance. The theory was initially … See more Gelation occurs when a polymer forms large interconnected polymer molecules through cross-linking. In other words, polymer chains are cross-linked with other polymer chains to form an infinitely large molecule, … See more In creating the Flory-Stockmayer Theory, Flory made three assumptions that affect the accuracy of this model. These assumptions were: 1. See more The Flory-Stockmayer Theory predicts the gel point for the system consisting of three types of monomer units linear units with two … See more can i add a gmail to my verizon account
(PDF) 8 Principles of Polymer Networking and Gel Theory in ...
WebAt the gel point (critical gel), this long time behavior is self-similar. It follows the typical power law as described by the Chambon-Winter gel equation, G ( t) = St −n, in the terminal zone. The critical relaxation exponent was found to be close to n = 0.5 over a range of stoichiometric ratios and for all precursor molecular weights analyzed. WebIt further shows that the Flory-Stockmayer theory predicts MWD well for systems below the gel point but starts to fail for systems around or above the gel point. However, for all the systems, the MC method can be used to reliably predict MWD no matter if they are below or above the gel point. Even for a macroscopic system, a converging ... WebGelation in Polymerization. The classical theories of Carothers, Flory and Stockmayer 1-5 describe the conversion of growing polymers to insoluble gels which occurs through … can i add a gift card to gpay